\section{Discussion and Conclusions}

This paper was triggered by the not yet satisfactory results of our newly developed MOSAD course.
Analysis of the critical success factors for  system architects provides us with the following insights:
\begin{myList}
\item Only a limited set of technical educated people have a personality profile (the {\it nature} component)
that fits with the architecting role.
\item System architecting education for people that do {\bf not} fit in this architect profile is,
nevertheless, a good investment. System aware designers ease the job of the system architect.
\item Environmental issues, such as organization and processes, have a big impact on
the effectiveness of architects.
\item Architects need to be stimulated and supported to break through roadblocks imposed by the environment.
\item To integrate and use multi-disciplinary design techniques a broad frame of reference is needed.
Such a frame of reference helps to position, relate and weight issues, and to identify risks.
Without the ability to quickly determine value, relevance and criticality, designers drown in
the practical infinite space of problems and solutions.
\item A frame of reference grows over time and is the result of experience. This process can be supported
by explicit reflection, for instance triggered by a mentor or intervision by peers.
\end{myList}

\FigureImposeWidth{DTAconclusion}{Conclusion}{.8\textwidth}

Figure~\ref{fig:DTAconclusion} summarizes the conclusions:
\begin{description}
\item[Education] How do we stimulate and educate breadth and depth synthesis?
\item[Nature] People with architecting genes are scarce; We have to foster and stimulate those
people that fit in the architecting profile.
\item[Experience] plays a very critical role in cultivating architects.
Good architects have a very rich frame of reference with thousands of patterns.
\item[Environment] has a big impact on architect effectiveness.
Stimulation of job rotation helps to enrich the frame of reference.
By exposing engineers to multi-disciplinary aspects the awareness for system issues increases
The environment (management, rewarding system) must recognize the value of multi-disciplinary
design.
\end{description}
